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Manual transmission – Wikipedia

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Manual transmission. Fast Facts:. Requires extensive driver input — driver selects and shifts to desired gear. Lower purchase price. Many drivers like the feeling of being in control. Fuel efficient. Superior acceleration — favored by racecar and performance drivers. Less expensive to service. Requires practice to learn how to use. Driver must coordinate clutch, gas and shifting. Lower resale value.
Can be difficult to drive in stop and go traffic. Not as widely available. Automatic transmission. Fast facts:. Requires little driver input — put the car in drive and go! Relies upon automatic transmission fluid and planetary gear set. Even if you’re among the rare car buyer who prefers to drive a manual, you’ll have a hard time finding one the next time you go to a dealership.
Some manufacturers keep the manual around as an excuse to charge more for an automatic or CVT, but the flip side of that is it’s difficult to get a well-equipped car with a manual transmission. If you want options such as engine upgrades or all-wheel drive , those features often come only on models or trim levels that do not offer manual transmissions.
Sports cars, which used to be surefire ways to get manual transmissions, are also turning toward faster and more efficient automatic options. Automakers say that automatic transmissions are simply better in every way, especially the CVT and dual-clutch options we covered on previous pages.
Actual interest in owning a car with a manual transmission is on the decline, as well, especially as American drivers spend more time sitting in heavy traffic, where constantly feathering a clutch pedal can get tiresome. News reported, “as drivers encounter more of these excellent modern automatics, fewer are interested in learning to drive a manual.
Sign up for our Newsletter! Mobile Newsletter banner close. Mobile Newsletter chat close. Mobile Newsletter chat dots. Mobile Newsletter chat avatar. Mobile Newsletter chat subscribe. Under the Hood. How Manual Transmissions Work. Where Have the Manuals Gone? The green shaft comes from the engine through the clutch. The green shaft and green gear are connected as a single unit.
The clutch is a device that lets you connect and disconnect the engine and the transmission. When you push in the clutch pedal, the engine and the transmission are disconnected so the engine can run even if the car is standing still.
When you release the clutch pedal, the engine and the green shaft are directly connected to one another. The green shaft and gear turn at the same rpm as the engine. The red shaft and gears are called the layshaft. These are also connected as a single piece, so all of the gears on the layshaft and the layshaft itself spin as one unit. The green shaft and the red shaft are directly connected through their meshed gears so that if the green shaft is spinning, so is the red shaft.
In this way, the layshaft receives its power directly from the engine whenever the clutch is engaged. The yellow shaft is a splined shaft that connects directly to the drive shaft through the differential to the drive wheels of the car. If the wheels are spinning, the yellow shaft is spinning. The blue gears ride on bearings, so they spin on the yellow shaft. If the engine is off but the car is coasting, the yellow shaft can turn inside the blue gears while the blue gears and the layshaft are motionless.
The purpose of the collar is to connect one of the two blue gears to the yellow drive shaft. The collar is connected, through the splines, directly to the yellow shaft and spins with the yellow shaft. However, the collar can slide left or right along the yellow shaft to engage either of the blue gears. Its sole engine choice for now is a hp twin-turbocharged 3. We hope we’ll never see the day when the Porsche doesn’t offer a stick.
So far, so good. The ultra-high-performance GT3 , meanwhile, offers a six-speed manual that couples up to the car’s naturally aspirated 4. More important, it’s still available with a six-speed stick, which mates to the car’s hp 2. Subaru customers can still option an Impreza with a stick, making the model one of the few compact offerings to still offer such a gearbox.
The Impreza sedan limits the five-speed gearbox strictly to its base trim; however, the hatchback offers the row-it-yourself transmission in both base and higher-end Sport guises. The new model will abandon the manual, unfortunately. While the latest Subaru WRX ‘s top-of-the-line GT trim forgoes a manual transmission entirely, the model’s lower-spec trims all offer a six-speed manual transmission.
With standard all-wheel drive and a heady horsepower from its turbocharged 2. The blander versions of the Toyota Corolla dropped their available manuals for , but we’re not too upset about that because of the arrival of the high-performance GR Corolla.
This hot hatchback comes only with a six-speed manual, along with a powerful hp turbo-four and all-wheel drive that make it a rally-inspired great time to drive. Like that model, the GR86 is a 10Best winner and comes standard with a six-speed stick.
We liked the Toyota Supra even when it only offered an automatic transmission, but the addition of a six-speed manual to the option sheet for only sweetens the deal. It’s offered with the hp turbocharged 3.
Volkswagen may no longer sell the run-of-the-mill Golf on our shores, but it continues to send the higher-powered Golf GTI and Golf R our way. Even better, both continue to sell with a six-speed manual transmission. The former packs horsepower, which it sends to the front wheels.
The latter offers horses and all-wheel drive. Opt for the Volkswagen Jetta in S or Sport form and the German automaker offers its sedan with a six-speed manual attached to its hp turbocharged 1. Some trucks thus have dozens of gear positions, although most are duplicates.
Sometimes a secondary transmission is integrated with the differential in the rear axle, called a “two-speed rear end”. Two-speed differentials are always splitters. In newer transmissions, there may be two counter shafts, so each main shaft gear can be driven from one or the other countershaft; this allows construction with short and robust countershafts, while still allowing many gear combinations inside a single gear case.
Heavy-duty transmissions are mostly non-synchromesh. Sometimes synchromesh adds weight that could be payload, and is one more thing to fail, and drivers spend thousands of hours driving so can take the time to learn to drive efficiently with a non-synchromesh transmission. Float shifting also called “floating gears” is changing gears without disengaging the clutch, usually on a non-synchronized transmission used by large trucks.
Since the clutch is not used, it is easy to mismatch speeds of gears, and the driver can quickly cause major and expensive damage to the gears and the transmission. Heavy trucks are usually powered with diesel engines. Diesel truck engines from the s and earlier tend to have a narrow power band, so they need many close-spaced gears. Starting with the Maxidyne , diesel truck engines have increasingly used turbochargers and electronic controls that widen the power band, allowing fewer and fewer gear ratios.
As of , fleet operators often use 9, 10, 13, or speed transmissions, but automated manual transmissions are becoming more common on heavy vehicles, as they can improve efficiency and drivability, reduce the barrier to entry for new drivers, and may improve safety by allowing the driver to concentrate on road conditions.
Manual transmissions are lubricated with gear oil or engine oil in some vehicles which must be changed periodically in some vehicles, although not as frequently as the fluid in an automatic transmission. Gear oil has a characteristic aroma because it contains added sulfur-bearing anti-wear compounds. These compounds are used to reduce the high sliding friction by the helical gear cut of the teeth this cut eliminates the characteristic whine of straight-cut spur gears.
On motorcycles with “wet” clutches clutch is bathed in engine oil , there is usually nothing separating the lower part of the engine from the transmission , so the same oil lubricates both the engine and transmission.
Jump to content Navigation. Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file. Download as PDF Printable version. In other projects. Wikimedia Commons. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Go to top. Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk. Read Edit View history. More Read Edit View history. Motor vehicle manual gearbox; stick shift. Non-synchronous “crash” gearbox; with sliding-mesh design.
Used in older vehicles. Main article: Non-synchronous transmission. Main article: Clutch. Main article: Gear stick. Main article: Overdrive.
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Retrieved 2 July Archived from the original on 30 October Archived from the original on 4 July Retrieved 5 July Retrieved 7 February Automotive Handbook 6th ed. Bentley Publishers. ISBN Retrieved 10 March Retrieved 13 March Retrieved 7 June
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Every New Car You Can Still Buy with a Manual Transmission.Manual vs. Automatic Transmission: Which Is Better For You? | Parts Matter™
Cars come in many different varieties. From options in drivetrains like front-wheel manuwl and four-wheel drive, to choices in engine type like conventional gas and electric, the possibilities are endless when shopping for a new vehicle.
Another key decision you have to make when buying a car is what type of transmission to get. Modern vehicles come in two different transmission types — automatic or manual. In a manual transmission, the driver is responsible for shifting tranwmision gears, while in a vehicle with an automatic transmission, the car does the shifting for you.
So the question becomes, to shift or not to shift? One transmision manual the transmosion complicated components in your vehicle, the transmission is a metal case that houses a series of gears — which explains its nickname of gearbox.
The transmission takes power from the engine and delivers it to the wheels transmision manual help power your vehicle.
It is responsible for transmison sure the right amount of power goes to the wheels so it продолжить operate at a given speed. When you take ссылка на продолжение from a dead stop, your vehicle uses a lower gear ratio to get the car moving using more power and less speed.
At higher speeds, your transmission uses a higher gear ratio to move the vehicle while keeping the Trasmision at a low level. Vehicles with a manual or standard transmission are typically called stick shifts. Transmsiion driver uses a stick shift to transmision manual change the gears transmision manual they accelerate and decelerate their vehicle.
Located on the center console, the shift transmision manual is connected to the transmission by a linkage. Besides a stick shift, a manual transmission requires the use of a clutch pedal which is located to the left of the brake pedal. Engaging the clutch pedal disengages the clutch mechanism that is located between the engine and the transmission.
Pressing down on the clutch pedal stops power going from the engine to the transmission so you источник change gears. To change gears, the driver presses down on the clutch pedal, moves the shifter to the transmision manual gear and then releases the clutch pedal to reengage the power from the engine transmision manual the transmission. Learning to drive a stick takes some practice. Engage the clutch pedal too fast and the engine will stall; engage the clutch pedal too slow and it can cause premature wear.
Practice makes perfect. While the driver plays an active role in the operation of a vehicle with a manual transmission, in an automatic transmission the driver simply selects D on the shifter and the car does all hard work.
Using fluid pressure, the vehicle automatically completes gear changes on its own. The heart of the automatic transmission is the planetary gear set. This part is responsible for creating transmision manual different gear ratios that the transmission uses. Providing the pressure necessary to activate the bands and clutches that determines what gear the vehicle should be transmision manual is automatic transmission fluid.
This fluid not only cools and lubricates the moving нажмите чтобы узнать больше of the transmission but it helps drive the vehicle. A torque converter is attached to the drivetrain which acts like a clutch on a manual transmission. Fluid is used to lock and unlock planetary gears to shift between gear rations.
Which transmission type to get in your next vehicle really comes down to preference; select the transmission type that fits your needs. If you do a lot transmisoon driving, an automatic may be easier to transmision manual through stop and go traffic than a standard transmission. However, if performance and the driving experience matters to you, you might want to consider a manual. Learn more about quality auto partstransmision manual your car partor find a local car repair shop today.
The content transmision manual in this article is for entertainment and informational purposes only and should not be used in lieu of seeking professional advice from a certified technician or mechanic.
We encourage you to consult with a certified technician or mechanic if you have specific questions or concerns relating to any of the topics covered herein.
Under no circumstances will we be liable for any loss or damage caused by your reliance on any transmision manual. Message Regarding Transmision manual Privacy. I accept Submit Submit. To shift or not to shift. Transmission basics. Manual transmission.
Fast Facts:. Requires extensive driver transmision manual — driver selects and shifts to desired gear. Lower purchase price. Many drivers like the feeling transmision manual being in transmision manual. Fuel efficient. Superior acceleration — favored by racecar and performance drivers. Less expensive to service. Requires practice to learn how to use.
Driver must coordinate clutch, gas and shifting. Lower resale value. Can be difficult to drive in stop and go traffic. Not as widely available.
Automatic читать больше. Fast facts:. Requires little driver transmisjon — put the car in drive and go! Relies upon automatic transmission fluid and planetary gear set. Easy to use — less stress. Higher resale value. Widely available. Great transmision manual stop and go traffic. Good for beginners. Higher transmision manual price than manual. Higher repair costs.
Historically less fuel efficient than manual — but the gap is closing. Which transmission should transmision manual select? Related Trnasmision. Sign up for our newsletter Sign Up. Find Us.
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